No. You can install ArcGIS Urban using the Active Directory (domain) or local user accounts.

It is possible that Docker was not configured correctly. Complete the following steps to check your Docker configuration:

• Ensure that you followed the Docker installation and setup instructions exactly as specified in Install ArcGIS Urban.
• Ensure that Docker is installed correctly. Run the docker run --rm hello-world command in a console (run as administrator) to verify this. The output of this command should look similar as in the screenshot below.
• Ensure that the ArcGIS Urban Docker container is available. Run the following Docker commands in a console (run as administrator) to verify this:
  • docker image ls --all—Lists all Docker images available on your machine. Docker images are used to create Docker containers. The output of this command is expected to list an image in the repository named arcgis-urban with the tag latest, as shown in the screenshot below.
  • docker container ls --all—Lists all Docker containers whether they are running, stopped, or have exited. The output of this command is expected to list a container named arcgis-urban, that is running the image arcgis-urban:latest, as shown in the screenshot below.

Yes, you can install ArcGIS Urban in a multiple-machine deployment. However, you must install ArcGIS Urban and Docker on the same machine where Portal for ArcGIS is installed.